Astro 1 137
NSSDCA ID: ASTRO-2
COSPAR ID:
Description
Following the scientific success of the Astro-1 mission, Astro-2 was approved as a follow-up flight. The three ultraviolet telescopes, which flew on Astro-1, were reassembled for Astro-2. These telescopes were (1) the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) operating in the 1200-3100 Angstrom range, (2) the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT) operating from 425 to 1850 Angstroms, and (3) the Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photopolarimetry Experiment (WUPPE) operating from 1250 to 3200 Angtroms. HUT was significantly upgraded for this second flight, with new optical coatings, which enhanced the telescope's performance by more than a factor of two. The three telescopes were planned to make simultaneous observations of objects such as stars, galaxies and quasars, since many science objectives and selected astronomical targets of the three instrument teams are interrelated. BBXRT, which was onboard ASTRO 1, was not flown on ASTRO 2.
Rotation curves of spiral galaxies are the major tool for determining the distribution of mass in spiral galaxies. They provide fundamental information for understanding the dynamics, evolution, and formation of spiral galaxies. We describe various methods to derive rotation curves and review the results obtained. We discuss the basic characteristics of observed rotation curves in relation to. F / 85 °c (Astro 286 up to 1.35a) 150°f / 65°c (Astro 286 over 1.35a) 230°f / 110°c† (all others) Maximum working pressure: 150 psi / 1034 kPa. Materials of construction. Pump body: Cast iron (closed systems) Lead free bronze. (open systems) Stainless steel. (open systems) Impeller: Noryl Shaft: Ceramic Bearings: Ceramic Gasket material.
The telescopes were mounted on a Spacelab pallet in the payload bay of the shuttle (flight STS-67). The Spacelab Instrument Pointing System (IPS), pallets, and avionics were utilized for attachment to the Shuttle and for control and data handling. The IPS provides a stable platform, keeps the telescopes aligned, and provides various pointing and tracking capabilities to the telescopes. The Astro observatory requires both mission specialists and payload specialists to control its operations from the Shuttle aft flight deck. Instrument monitoring and quick-look data analysis are planned for real-time ground operations.
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The Guest Observer Program was included for Astro-2. The telescopes observed over 250 astronomical objects before returning to earth after a 16-day flight.
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Alternate Names
Facts in Brief
Launch Date: 1995-03-02
Launch Vehicle: Shuttle
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral, United States
Funding Agency
- NASA-Office of Space Science (United States)
Disciplines
- Planetary Science
- Astronomy
Additional Information
Questions and comments about this spacecraft can be directed to: Coordinated Request and User Support Office https://heremup281.weebly.com/suneung-test-pdf.html.
Personnel
| Name | Role | Original Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mr. William Huddleston | Program Manager | NASA Headquarters | |
| Dr. Jack A. Jones | Mission Manager | NASA Marshall Space Flight Center | |
| Dr. Charles A. Meegan | Mission Scientist | NASA Marshall Space Flight Center | charles.meegan@msfc.nasa.gov |
| Dr. Leon B. Allen | Project Manager | NASA Marshall Space Flight Center | |
| Dr. Edward J. Weiler | Program Scientist | NASA Headquarters | edward.j.weiler@nasa.gov |
| Dr. Theodore R. Gull | Mission Scientist | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center | gull@stars.gsfc.nasa.gov |
Astro 1128
Related Information/Data at NSSDCA
STS 67 (Astro 2 mission)
Astro 1
US Active Archive for Astro 2 Information/Data
The Astro Archive at MAST (STScI)
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Other Sources of Astro 2 Information/Data
Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT) team page
Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) team page
Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photopolarimeter Experiment (WUPPE) team page
The ASTRO-1 star sensor system aboard the Mir orbital station
Abstract
Astro 1 137 Kg
The performance of the ASTRO-1 system for autonomous attitude determination, launched on November 26th, 1989 aboard the Mir space station, is briefly discussed. The system consists of three star sensors, three image processing units, an attitude determination unit, and a manager and interface unit. Test results indicate that the in-orbit performance of the ASTRO-1 is better than specified and all technical requirements are satisfied.
- Attitude Indicators;
- Mir Space Station;
- Onboard Equipment;
- Space Station Payloads;
- Stellar Structure;
- Astronomical Catalogs;
- Automatic Control;
- Charge Coupled Devices;
- Spacecraft Instrumentation
Model Atmospheres of Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs
Abstract
As progressively cooler stellar and substellar objects are discovered, the presence first of molecules and then of condensed particulates greatly complicates the understanding of their physical properties. Accurate model atmospheres that include these processes are the key to establishing their atmospheric parameters. They play a crucial role in determining structural characteristics by setting the surface conditions of model interiors and providing transformations to the various observational planes. They can reveal the spectroscopic properties of brown dwarfs and help establish their detectability. In this paper, we review the current state-of-the-art theory and modeling of the atmospheres of very low mass stars, including the coolest known M dwarfs, M subdwarfs, and brown dwarfs, i.e. T_eff {less than or equal to} 4000 K and -4.0 {less than or equal to} [M/H]} {less than or equal to} +0.0.} We discuss ongoing efforts to incorporate molecular and grain opacities in cool stellar spectra, as well as the latest progress in (a) deriving the effective temperature scale of M dwarfs, (b) reproducing the lower main sequences of metal-poor subdwarfs in the halo and globular clusters, and (c}) results of the models related to the search for brown dwarfs
- Publication:
- Pub Date:
- 1997
- DOI:
- 10.1146/annurev.astro.35.1.137
- Bibcode:
- 1997ARA&A.35.137A
